A wrist sprain is a very common injury that occurs when the ligaments of the wrist stretch beyond their normal limits. A ligament is made of tough, fibrous tissue that connects bones to other bones within a joint. The ligaments around the wrist joint help to stabilize the position of the hand and allow controlled motions. This injury most commonly occurs from falling on an outstretched hand.
- Wrist sprains are graded according to the severity of the injury:
- Grade I: Mild. The ligaments are stretched, but no significant tearing has occurred.
- Grade II: Moderate. The ligaments may be partially torn.
- Grade III: Severe. The ligaments are completely torn. Joint instability may be present.
Symptoms
- Swelling
- Bruising/discoloration
- Painful to the touch
- Feeling a popping or tearing sensation in the wrist
- A feeling of warmth throughout the wrist
- Limited or painful range of motion
Causes
- Wrist is bent or twisted forcefully
- Falling on an outstretched hand
Risk Factors
- Sports- skating, skateboarding, skiing/snowboarding, basketball, volleyball, cheerleading, gymnastics
- Outdoor recreation
- Jobs that require you to climb ladders
Prevention
- Use caution when climbing ladders or performing physical tasks and activities
- Use caution around slippery floors or icy areas
Diagnosis
- Your doctor will discuss your symptoms, review your medical history and perform a thorough evaluation of your wrist and hand.
- Early intervention is important to avoid long-term problems, including chronic pain, stiffness, and arthritis.
- X-rays:
- Malalignment of bones
- Identify fracture
- A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, computerized tomography (CT) scan, or arthrogram may also be ordered to clearly see the ligaments.
Treatment
- The most common method of treating a sprained wrist is called “RICE” (Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevate) However, if you are not sure of the severity of your wrist sprain, be sure to talk with a doctor prior to beginning the home treatment or rehabilitation. Surgery is not required unless the ligament is fully torn.
