One of the most common problems involving the first big toe joint is arthritis. Arthritis at this particular area is also called hallux rigidus. The first toe joint is referred to as the metatarophalangeal (MTP) joint. This joint is where the first metatarsal head meets with the small bone of the big toe.
Causes
- Due to the mechanics of our feet, the big toe joint is especially prone to developing arthritis.
- Damage to the articular cartilage that results from wear-and-tear or injury that will cause the bone ends to rub together
- Injury to the toe
- Changes in foot anatomy that can increase the stress on the joint
Symptoms
- Pain in the joint
- Pain when pushing off on the toes
- Swelling around the joint
- Bump that may develop on the top of the foot, like a bunion or callus. Once this occurs a bone spur may have developed already which can be more difficult to treat.
- Stiffness in the toe
- Inability to bend toe up and down
- Walking on the outside of the foot
Risk Factors
- Develop in adults age 30-60
Diagnosis
- Physician Exam
- Look at the foot and ankle
- X-rays
- This will show the location of any bone spurs that may have developed as well as shoe the degree of degeneration in the joint.
Treatment
Non-Operative Stiff Big Toe
Surgical
- Cheilectomy
- Arthrodesis
- Arthroplasty
